海洋重力大地水准面的确定     

李叶才 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1989,(2)

美国海洋卫星测高仪的出现,使应用Hotine积分确定海洋大地水准面成为现实。本文通过对Hotine积分及垂线偏差的计算公式进行改进,较好地改善了求和项的收敛性,减小了截断误差影响,并提出了利用Hotine函数和重力异常确定海洋大地水准面的方法。 实际计算表明:海洋重力大地水准面的精度在1米以内;卫星测高大地水准面间存在0.5米系统差;它和海底地形有一定的相关性,能较好地反映出海底地形的宏观特性。  相似文献   

卫星网与地面网联合平差中随机模型的估计     

许才军 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1989,(3)

本文讨论了卫星网与地面网联合平差中随机模型误差及其对联合平差结果的影响,应用方差分量估计方法对卫星网和地面网的随机模型进行了估计,并对模拟网与实测网的计算结果进行了分析。  相似文献   

某些铀酰矿物加热后的荧光特征     

王爱珍 《铀矿地质》1985,(1)

本文描述了11个铀酰矿物加热后的显微荧光特征,并对实验结果进行了初步探讨。随着温度的升高,其相对荧光强度均有不同程度的衰减直至猝灭,但衰减的速度和猝灭的温度是各不相同的。热至200℃时测量的荧光光谱和常温下的荧光光谱相比,不同矿物变化也各不相同。本文根据实验结果绘制了荧光和温度关系曲线及加热至200℃时的荧光光谱曲线。这种荧光变化可能与加热后矿物失水和晶体结构变化有关。对鉴定铀酰矿物具有重要的意义。  相似文献   

Organic geochemical studies of a recent Inner Great Barrier Reef sediment—I. Assessment of input sources     

Philip M. Shaw  R.B. Johns 《Organic Geochemistry》1985,8(2):147-156

The concentration of solvent-extractable (SE) and bound hydrocarbons, ketones, alcohols, sterols, monocarboxylic acids, hydroxyacids and α,ω-dicarboxylic acids of a surface sample (0–2.5 cm) from a recent carbonate tropical sediment taken at 60ft (18m) depth north-west of the Low Isles, North Queensland, are reported in detail. n-Alkanes are a minor constituent in the SE and bound hydrocarbon fractions with the major component being unresolved complex hydrocarbon material which is not an anthropogenic input. 6,10,14-Trimethylpentadecan-2-one derived from chlorophyll, as well as phytol, were identified as major components of the ketone and alcohol constituents. No chlorophyll pigments or pigmented degradation products were present, implying degradation before incorporation into the sediment. This conclusion is consistent with evidence for higher-plant input in which all sensitive lipids have been degraded before incorporation. SE and bound fractions have been studied in detail and show considerable differences probably arising from the importance of viable biomass in the SE fraction. Inputs to the sediment are determined as higher plants, algae, bacteria, fungi and meiofauna in descending order of importance.  相似文献   

A digital model to evaluate the water balance in a typical hardrock environment     

B. H. Briz-Kishore 《Journal of Earth System Science》1984,93(4):413-422

A digital model was designed and developed to study the water balance situation in a typical hardrock environment near Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh. The model was calibrated over a period of six years with observed field hydrographs. An optimum error factor of 0.001 m was chosen and the computer took 47 iterations for outputting the results with the desired accuracy. Prognostic studies were carried out with progressively increasing draft conditions and water levels were observed to be declining even when the draft was less than the recharge. The analysis of the experiments further amended the belief of the earlier workers.  相似文献   

Effect of relative humidity on the angular distribution of scattered light intensity for rural and urban aerosols     

R. K. Goel  N. C. Varshneya  T. S. Verma 《Journal of Earth System Science》1984,93(4):363-369

The change in atmospheric relative humidity affects the physical and optical properties of aerosol particles. It would be interesting to study the effect of an increase in relative humidity on the angular scattering of light by aerosols (by incorporating the changes due to it as the complex refractive index and the parameters of the size distribution function). In the present paper we have computed the angular scattering function for rural and urban aerosols, for light of wavelength 0.55 μn. The results obtained for these two models, representative of different environments, are interesting and show some discriminating features.  相似文献   

Structures caused by repeated freezing and thawing in various loamy sediments: A comparison of active,fossil and experimental data     

Brigitte Van Vliet-Lanoë  Jean-Pierre Coutard  Albert Pissart 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1984,9(6):553-565

In this paper, the authors present the results of both macroscopic and microscopic investigations on structure development created by repeated ice lensing in various loamy experiments. Experimental data are compared with observations performed on active forms in High Arctic and Alpine Mountain environments. Those observations are also compared with phenomena observed in fossil periglacial formations of Western Europe. Platy and short prismatic structure formation is bonded to the hydraulic and thermal conditions during ice segregation. When a long series of alternating freezing and thawing affects platy structures, the fabric evolves, also being influenced by slope and drainage conditions: cryoturbations, frostcreep, and gelifluction can appear. They are characterized by specific microfabrics which are better developed with an increasing number of cycles: this is clear in experiments where hydraulic and thermal parameters are better controlled. Vesicles are also a prominent characteristic of the surface horizon in experiments and arctic soils. The genesis of vesicles is discussed on the basis of new observations and is related to the mechanical collapse of frost-created aggregates under the mechanical work of soil air escape during soil saturation by water at thaw.  相似文献   

Source-area environments of late Jurassic and early Cretaceous sediments in Southeast England     

C.P. Sladen  D.J. Batten 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》1984,95(2):149-163

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罗德里格矩阵在共线方程严密解法中的应用   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

张森林 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1987,(1)

在共线方程严密解法中,人们习用的是以方位元素X_s,Y_s,Z_s,φ,ω,κ为未知数的严密公式。本文则以罗德里格旋转矩阵的三个独立元素b,a,c取代角方位元素φ,ω,κ,并推导了相应的误差方程式。理论表明,新方法在组成旋转矩阵和计算误差方程系数中只需作加、减、乘、除等运算而不需解求三角函数,因而节省了计算工作量。  相似文献   

水准测量往返测较差方差之估计     

冯延明 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1987,(4)

现有文献中以水准测量往返测较差为统计量估计较差方差已提出许多观点和公式,但对于较差误差模型既没有回答其正确性,也缺乏严密可行的参数估计方法。本文将方差分量的最小范数二次无偏估计(MINQUE)法用于较差方差估计,并提出了以近代回归分析原理为基础的较差误差模型统计检验与比较选择的基本方法。这些估计、分析方法既简单易行又严密合理。最后通过对部分一等水准实测数据试算分析,也初步证实了它们的实际效益。  相似文献